William henry perkin reading answers

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Reading Passage 1: William Henry Perkin

The man who invented synthetic dyes Please read the passage

William Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering, But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry. William henry perkin reading answers below in the post

As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15. IELTS Reading preparation tips

Royal College of Chemistry

At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.

At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the top floor of his family’s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product.

Perkin’s scientific training

Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. IELTS Speaking preparation tips

And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.

William henry perkin reading answers : (Please scroll down to get it)

Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it.

Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly.

Importance of this breakthrough:

Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities. Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e, would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. Alexander henderson reading answers

So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.

With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857.

The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugénie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country.

 The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.

Perkin’s fame was achievd

Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green.

It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways.

Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.

William henry perkin reading Question

See in details below with some sub-segments, thanks for understanding.

IELTS Reading Questions 1-7

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? You can get more information about IELTS Reading by clicking the link.

In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE:  if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE:  if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN: if there is no information on this

1. Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.
2.  Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.
3. Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.
4. Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.
5. The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.
6. Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.
7. Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.

Questions 8-13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 8–13 on your answer sheet.

09. Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?

09. What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?

10. What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?

11. What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?

12. In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?

13. According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?

William henry perkin reading answers